The Historic Significance of Dr. Bobs Last Drink

The Historic Significance of Dr. Bob's Last Drink Addiction Alcohol Use Print Dr. Bobs Last Drink By Mitchell K Updated on May 25, 2019 Charlene Kibbons/EyeEm/Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Bill W. had met a kindred spirit in Dr. Bob. Both men were born in Vermont, both were intelligent and both were alcoholics. They somehow knew that fateful evening in Henrietta Seiberlings Gatehouse home that both of them were going to be okay. After a few weeks of working with each other and attempting to deliver the message of recovery to other alcoholics, Bill and Dr. Bob did not appear to be discouraged. Despite their not being able to bring another rummy into the foldâ€"they were staying sober. Quite a feat for Dr. Bob who had been attending Oxford Group meetings even prior to getting together with Bill. A Trip to Atlantic City Dr. Bob was feeling so secure that he decided to attend a convention of the American Medical Association. He had not missed a convention in 20 years and did not plan on missing this one. Bobs wife, Anne was set against him attending the convention. She remembered previous ones where he had gotten drunk. Dr. Bob assured her that he would not drink. He said that alcoholics, even those who had stopped drinking, would have to begin to learn how to live in the real world. She finally agreed and off he went. Drinking on the Train Dr. Bob kept his promise to Anne. That is, until he boarded the train to Atlantic City. Once on the train, Dr. Bob began to drink in earnest. He drank all the way to Atlantic City, purchased more bottles prior to checking in to the hotel. That was on a Sunday evening. Dr. Bob stayed sober on Monday until after dinner. He then resumed his drinking. Upon awakening Tuesday morning, his drinking continued until noon. He then realized that he was about to disgrace himself by showing up at the convention drunk. A 24-Hour Blackout He decided to check out of the hotel and return home. He purchased more alcohol on the way to the train depot. He waited for the train for a long time and continued to drink. That was all he remembered until waking up in the home of his office nurse and her husband back in Ohio. Dr. Bobs blackout lasted over 24 hours. There was a five-day period from when Dr. Bob left for the convention to when the nurse called Anne and Bill. They took Dr. Bob home and put him to bed. Three Days of Detox The detoxification process began once again. That process usually lasted three days according to Bill. They tapered Dr. Bob off of alcohol and fed him a diet of sauerkraut, tomato juice, and Karo Syrup. Bill had remembered that in three days, Dr. Bob was scheduled to perform surgery. On the day of the surgery, Dr. Bob had recovered sufficiently to go to work. In order to ensure the steadiness of Dr. Bobs hands during the operation, Bill gave him a bottle of beer. That was to be Dr. Bobs last drink and the official founding date of Alcoholics Anonymous. Dr. Bobs Last Drink The operation was a success and Dr. Bob did not return home right after it. Both Bill and Anne were concerned, to say the least. They later found out, after Dr. Bob had returned, that he was out making amends. Not drunk as they may have surmised, but happy and sober. That date according to the AA literature was June 10, 1935. June 10, 1935, has been considered as AAs Founding Date for many years. After all, it was the date Dr. Bob had his last drink - or was it? Recently discovered evidence appears to differ with the official literature. The Official Date The Archives of the American Medical Association reportedly show that their convention in Atlantic City, in the year 1935 did not start until June 10th. How could Dr. Bob have gone to the convention by train, check into a hotel, attend the convention on Monday, check out on Tuesday, be in a blackout for 24 hours, go through a three-day detoxification, and perform surgery on the day of his last drinkâ€"June 10, 1935? Nine Days Later Five days had passed since Dr. Bob left for the convention and returned to Akron. There was the three-day detoxification process and then there was the day of the surgery. Approximately nine days had passed from when he left and the date of his last drink. If the records of the American Medical Association (AMA) are in error as to the date of their convention it is possible that June 10, 1935, was the date of Dr. Bobs last drink. If the records are in error, the 1935 convention would have been the only one in the history of the AMA that was listed with the wrong date. He Never Drank Again It now appears that the date of Dr. Bobs last drink was probably on, or about, June 17, 1935. Maybe AA should keep the June 10th date as a symbolic Founding Date rather than claim it as the actual one? Maybe the date should be changed to reflect historical accuracy? Either way, Dr. Bob never drank again until his death, November 16, 1950. Dr. Bob sponsored more than 5,000 AA members and left the legacy of his life as an example. Dr. Bob told those he sponsored that there were three things one had to do to keep sober: Trust God, Clean House, Help Others.

The Perfect Aristotelian Tragedy Oedipus the King Essay

The Perfect Aristotelian Tragedy: Oedipus the King by Sophocles Works Cited Not Included Oedipus the King is an excellent example of Aristotles theory of tragedy. The play has the perfect Aristotelian tragic plot consisting of paripeteia, anagnorisis and catastrophe; it has the perfect tragic character that suffers from happiness to misery due to hamartia (tragic flaw) and the play evokes pity and fear that produces the tragic effect, catharsis (a purging of emotion). Oedipus the King has the ingredients necessary for the plot of a good tragedy, including the peripeteia. According to Aristotle, a peripeteia is necessary for a good plot. Peripeteia is a reversal in his fortune from happiness to disaster (Abrams 322). Oedipuss†¦show more content†¦Oedipus questions Jocasta about Laius how did he look? Describe him (817) until Jocasta can not answer any more questions. The messenger then arrives to tell Oedipus that his father, Polybus, has died. Ironically, while relieving Oedipuss fear of killing his own father, the messenger causes even greater fears by telling Oedipus that Polybus is not his biological father. Oedipus then discovers that he was brought to Polybus when he was an infant and the shepherd found Oedipus on Mount Cithaeron. The shepherd unwillingly admits that he knew that Oedipus is the son of Jocasta and Laius. Finally, Oedipus discovers all the facts about his true identity and that he killed his own father and married his mother. The peripeteia and the anagnorisis lead to the catastrophe in the end. The catastrophe is a scene of suffering for the protagonist. When Oedipus discovers his true identity he says I stand revealed at last - cursed in my birth, cursed in marriage, cursed in the lives I cut down with theses hands! (1308-10). The catastrophe continues as Oedipus finds Jocasta, who had hung herself. Oedipus blinds himself with her dress pins so he can no longer see the ugliness of his life around him and in the end flees his country. According to Aristotle, the hero of tragedy should be a man who is neither a paragon of virtue and justice nor undergoes the change toShow MoreRelatedThe Perfect Aristotelian Tragedy: Sophocles Oedipus the King918 Words   |  4 Pagesconsidered Sophocles Oedipus the King to be a nearly perfect example of Greek tragedy. His reasons were based on the structural perfection of the play, in which the protagonists recognition of his circumstances (anagnorisis) comes at the same moment as his reversal of fortune (peripeteia). But the terms whereby Aristotle defines character in Greek tragedy are slightly harder to work out where is the hubris of Oedipus? An examination of the plot will demonstrate that Oedipus hubris is manifest inRead MoreOedipus the King a Tragic Hero936 Words   |  4 PagesSophocles tragedy Oedipus the King, King Oedipus swears to solve the murder of former King Laios in order to free the city from the plague. The plague taunts the city destroying crops and livestock and making the women unable to bear children. A seer, Teirsias tells Oedipus that he himself is Thebes’s pollution for killing his father and marrying his mother. Oedipus ignores his words and is blind to the truth until he discovers that it is he who corrupts the city. In order to illustrate Oedipus as theRead MoreOedipus As A Tragic Hero1094 Words   |  5 PagesIn the play Oedipus the King, Oedipus struggles to accept the truth and lets his temper over power him. He can be displayed as a tragic hero. His refusal to accept the truth led to Oedipus’ down fall. A tragic hero, as defined by Aristotle, â€Å"is a literary character who makes a judgment error that inevitably leads to his/her own destruction.† Sophocles’ Oedipus exemplifies Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero. In the play, Oedipus unknowingly has cursed the entire town of Thebes. He was cursedRead MoreTragic Hero1598 Words   |  7 Pagestragic hero was created in ancient Greek tragedy and defined by Aristotle. Usually, the realization of fatal flaw results in catharsis or epiphany. The tragic flaw is sometimes referred to as an Achilles heel after the single fatal flaw of the Greek warrior Achilles. [citation needed] Aristotelian tragic hero In a complex Aristotelian tragedy, the hero is of noble birth and is more admirable than ordinary men. He cannot, however, be morally perfect because the best plots arise when his downfallRead MoreOedipus As A Tragic Hero1939 Words   |  8 Pages Sophocles’ Oedipus is a perfect example of Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero through the main characters prosperity to an emotional downfall caused by a tragic flaw. I. Oedipus is a Tragic Hero a. Definition of a tragic hero as defined by Aristotle i. Aristotelian tragic hero is defined (Aristotle 1961, p. 1453a). b. Oedipus falling into Aristotle’s tragic hero definition i. Aristotle directs us to Oedipus the King as a tragic hero (Bruening 1997, pp. 14-15). II. How Tragedy Affects theRead MoreOedipus: Aristotelian or Formalist Theory772 Words   |  4 PagesTeiresias’s speech at the end of scene one of Sophocles’ play Oedipus Rex is fairly short but it is in this encounter between Oedipus and Teiresias where the main conflict of the story begins to unfold. This is a pivotal speech in the play as it helps to develop some of the major themes in the play as well as begin to build up the tragic irony at the center of the story. When this speech is analyzed using either Aristotelian or Formalist theory key elements can be found that are effective inRead MoreDeconstructing Tragedy And The Definition Of The Protagonist’S1173 Words   |  5 PagesDeconstructing Tragedy and the Definition of the Protagonist’s Innocence In Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex, Oedipus meets the Aristotelian definition of a tragic hero as divine fate and tragic flaws lead to his downfall. Oedipus’s tragic flaws like hubris, curiosity, and anger, contribute to his unfortunate fate. The components of a perfect tragedy as defined in Aristotle’s Poetics are at the center of Oedipus Rex. The play contains the elements of a perfect tragedy such asRead MoreEssay The Tragedy of Othello1292 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare masterfully crafted Othello, the Moor of Venice as an Aristotelian tragedy play. The main protagonist of the play, Othello, is the perfect example of a tragic hero. Shakespeare was influenced by Aristotle’s concept of a tragic hero and used Aristotle’s principles to create Othello. William Shakespeare attempted to create an Aristotelian tragedy play with a tragic hero and succeeded in Othello, the Moor of Venice by weaving in pity and fear into each line and action. The powerR ead MoreA Dolls House As A Tragic Hero Analysis967 Words   |  4 Pagesweakness, or tragic flaw in his character, falls into the depths of misery and often to his death† (Ingham 1). Within Oedipus Rex, Sophocles laid the foundation for what is now considered the ideal tragic hero. Within A Doll’s House, Ibsen creates a modern hero in Nora Helmer; a woman who was oppressed for going against social rules for saving her husband. Nora follows the Aristotelian journey of a tragic hero, from hamartia through her tragic fall into catharsis. She is considered a modern day heroineRead MoreOedipus The King As A Tragic Hero Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesConsidered one of the greatest dramas of all time, Sophocles’ play Oedipus the King follows the tragic life of Oedipus, king of Thebes. Considered a Satyr play, the Oedipus trilogy is perhaps the most famous of Sophocles’ plays. Oedipus the King, is an Athenian tragedy that was first performed somewhere around 429 BC in Athens, Greece. Originally, the Greeks referred to the play as simply â€Å"Oedipus,† as that was what Aristotle referred to it as in the Poetics. Perhaps what makes this play so memorable

Living Behind the Obscurities of Slavery - 764 Words

Although African Americans extol the accomplishment of granted liberties, later consciousness of increased lack of survival in a free environment withered the souls that starvation and death, disease and hunger overtook the black nation. Without suitable malnutrition thralls’ immune systems became weaken; in addition to, famine causes the body incapability to function properly intensifies the possibilities of gradually dying. (West, 2013) â€Å"Many newly freed blacks had believed that the benevolent government that had freed them would provide each family with ‘forty acres and a mule’ so they could start life anew.† (Tolman, 2013) The former slaves were dependent on society to contribute profoundly as their ancestors provided unto the slavery†¦show more content†¦Engaging in nuptial after the emancipating of thralls, the originality of â€Å"jumping the boom† was established through African American’s cultures to symbolize the  "legal and bonding act connecting them with the heritage of the home land and giving legitimacy, dignity and strength to their unions.† (Braddy,2013)Throughout the vicious growling persecution of slavery, the ex-slaved unification grew strongly based upon the world’s hardships that constantly threw stones at African Americans liberties; however; the Emancipation Proclamation did have a positive effect on former vassals because they were able to finalized a legitimate marriage.Subsequently, the negativity of slavery affects the African American cultures today by living behind the obscurities of bondage. Even though the emancipating of slaves gave the former vassals independence, slavery still occur currently butShow MoreRelatedThoreaus Writings: An Analysis716 Words   |  3 Pageswriting to promote social justice, thereby refusing to lend himself to the wrong he so disparages. Slavery was one of those wrongs: a facet of the system of government that was so corrupt and yet completely entrenched in American society. Thoreau also acted as a counter friction to the machine of mindless government by extricating himself from the situations he found most distasteful. His experiences living close to nature at Walden Pond prove that Thoreau was sincerely dedicated to being the change thatRead MoreWalt Whitman and War Essay1626 Words   |  7 Pagesbigger than any one person or group of people. Life is a lesson and sometimes lessons need to repeat. Life during the time of Walt Whitman was oddly and sadly similar to our very own time in some ways. Like us, Whitman dealt in Leaves of Grass with living in a nation during wartimes; and if you can say anything about war, it is that, it is never fast and never easy. Armd year-year of the struggle, No dainty rhymes or sentimental love verses for you terrible year ( Whitman 227). Read More Writers of the Harlem Renaissance Essay2535 Words   |  11 Pagesto a high point. Beyond simply encouraging creativity and thought in the African American community, the writers of the Harlem Renaissance completely revolutionized the identity of African American society as a whole, leading black culture from slavery to its current place in America today. There was no single cause which produced the Harlem Renaissance, but there are several historical developments which paved the way. The first set of contributing factors deal with the cultural backgroundRead MoreThe Most Memorable Abolitionist Leader Of Frederick Douglass1858 Words   |  8 PagesThe most memorable abolitionist leader Frederick Douglass was born as slavery in Talbot County, Maryland. He got to be a standout amongst the most well known educated people of his time, exhorting presidents and addressing to thousands on a scope of reasons, including ladies rights and Irish home guideline. Among Douglass works are a few self-portrayals smoothly depicting his encounters in subjection and his life after the Civil War. Frederick Douglass was conceived in a slave lodge, in FebruaryRead MoreRichard Allen s Influence On African Americans8445 Words   |  34 PagesDivision in Candidacy for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in History Department of History By: Malary Wood, Jr. Gwynedd Valley, PA Fall 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction.?.2 Part 1: Blacks Living in Philadelphia after the Revolutionary War4 Philadelphia Black Population...5 Establishing the Mother Bethel .............................................................................Read MoreCitizen Leaders Essay2454 Words   |  10 Pagesdiscussion of citizen leaders it is important to look at those that exemplify the characteristics and the circumstances of the position and display these extraordinary individuals. The four individuals involved in this paper are Jo Berry, driving force behind Boogie the Bridge and the Run Club in Kamloops, Wayne McRann, president of Developing World Connections which is based in Kamloops, Craig Kielburger, founder of Free the Children and MeTo We, and Capt. Charles Moore, founder of the Algalita MarineRead MoreReconstruction : The Burning Years10732 Words   |  43 Pagesrights and slavery on the Civil War. Still, my teacher, along with the A.P. exam, the state curriculum, and our textbooks, moved quickly past Reconstruction. I assumed that, aside from the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments and some Ku Klux Klan violen ce, there wasn’t much else to the story, that African Americans exercised their civil rights in peace from the Union victory at Appomattox until Plessy v. Ferguson. I was wrong. In college, I learned that most historians agree that slavery was the numberRead MoreNon Technical Topic6523 Words   |  27 Pagesattempts--either due to the lack of a market, or because IWE writers are not capable of writing from such a characters viewpoint. It is this point which lends maximum credence to M. Prabhas thesis of IWE being the waffle of the toffs. A major reason behind this (as has been discussed before) is that English is not the lingua franca of the country; it is not the language of the masses. This automatically implies their exclusion from IWE, or the absence of authentic IWE writing about the hoi polloi fromRead More Biography of Andrew Carnegie Essay3952 Words   |  16 PagesBiography of Andrew Carnegie Andrew Carnegie was born into a poor working class family living in the town of Dunfermline, Scotland, in 1835. His father operated a small hand looming business located in the family home. The Carnegies was literate, well read, and active in the politics of the day. It was a time of repression of the Scottish worker by the Government, the employers, and the culture. Rebellious in thought as well as actively participating in protests was part of the Carnegie familyRead More British-Chinese Relations in the Nineteenth Century and Alicia Bewicke Littles Novel, A Marriage in China4897 Words   |  20 Pages Campbell-ostensibly still supporting her anti-immigrant stance-proceeds to praise the same workers she has just disparaged: Weighted as they are by tradition, they must be both enterprising and courageous to leave home at all; to gain a living, much less a competence, in the face of hostile legislation in a foreign land, they must have patience, intelligence, and adaptability. To these they add unrivalled manual dexterity, a great capacity for organisation, and the instincts of a born merchant

Life as a Teacher Free Essays

Education is the only way to help a person succeed. Despite all the government cuts in the schools children don’t stop learning. As well they are learning at an early age as early as the age of their first few months. We will write a custom essay sample on Life as a Teacher or any similar topic only for you Order Now Children need and use everyday items to help them grown and learn to succeed in life. The government is cutting programs not only in day cares but in Regular Schools. These programs are here to help the children achieve what they wanna do in life. Not only life’s goals but their dreams as well. One thing I have noticed in being a childcare teacher kids start learning at an infant stage just by looking at wind chimes to simple solid colored balls. An infant teacher can put a bucket of water or different colored blocks in front of the infant and there are many things the child experiences when they are introduced to items like these. Children begin to learn about senses, touch, smell to colors of things. This is where children begin to learn to say first words to their very first steps. Second as they begin to progress in their early stages they begin to explore new things such as walking and picking up things. When they move into a toddler waddler room they learn new things such as jumping on two feet to putting on a shirt. Some people don’t realize a lot of the time parents do not have the time to work with their children a lot of the time they miss out on their development stages. We as teachers see the need of the kids and help them grow into people who can be independent in their life’s. Toddlers begin to explores more senses such as touch, feel, smell and taste. This is a big key in their stages of growing. Lastly as they begin to learn about their colors and numbers and shapes in the toddler class they move into a preschool area where materials are a big key. This year the government is cutting back on programs that help us with materials for the students to grown in the development stages. A lot of the time we as teachers who don’t make a lot have to bring items that we have at home to work with in the class room. Preschoolers enjoy these things and helps them with recognizing things as well as using them at home with parents. You can give a child paper and macaroni and the child will make something remarkable such as a house. Day cares and early childhood schools are a big role in a child’s life. This is where they begin to learn about different areas in school. As a teacher it brings me such joy to see how far my kids have come in learning and growing. Just the simple items that I might have bring many creative ideas to a child’s mind. Governments only concern about America is money. To a lot of us its the child’s education and growth. It takes a lot of gift to be a teacher and brings such joy to our faces when the child succeeds. How to cite Life as a Teacher, Essay examples

Qatar World Cup Buildings and Facilities in 2022

Introduction Scope or work. The present project is aimed at analysing and evaluating the resources and opportunities of the country Qatar with regard to the expected world cup that is sure to be held there in 2022 in accordance with the bid won by Qatar to host the world cup on its territory.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Qatar World Cup Buildings and Facilities in 2022 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As such, it is necessary to evaluate whether the conditions in this country are appropriate to hold a green world cup there in terms of environmental issues and climate components. Rationale for research. The investigation should be performed to assess the readiness of Qatar to host the world cup on its territory with regard to international rules and conventions. As representatives of different nations would take part in the world cup, extraneous stressors should not be imposed on them. Objectives Problem statem ent. The problem for Qatar with regard to construction and design of buildings and facilities for the world cup 2022 is the environment, climate issues, and investment. So, Qatar is a country with emerging economy but everything can happen in more than ten years. Besides, the climate of Qatar is hot and humidity is high contrasted to other countries that could have won the bid for the 2022 world cup. Finally, the environment should be green; so, it is important to reduce the pollution of waters and air and reduce the gas emission. Justification of the problem. The problem of investments and environment is great because the country eligible to host some international events should provide its participants with adequate conditions similar to the ones provided in other countries for events of the same level as the world cup. Methodology Review of projects. The projects designed for the Qatar 2022 world cup are magnificent with wide variety of modern materials and constructions techniqu es. So, the stadiums and buildings can be constructed in order to provide the participants and audience with the maximum of comfort.Advertising Looking for essay on architecture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In other words, air conditioning applied to stadiums would reduce the temperature typical for climate in Qatar and make the conditions appropriate for the game. Planning for world cup facilities. The facilities should be designed in accordance with the international norms of security measures for such type of events. Besides, it is important to investigate whether the country and organizations that contribute to the construction of buildings and facilities in Qatar are certified to perform such activities. However, the projects of stadiums and facilities are aimed at bringing the world cup on the brand-new level of design and construction in term so architecture and tourism. Critical issues. Environmental factors for Qa tar include a great variety of factors such as hot temperature and high level of humidity. As such, the air conditioning would be an integral part of the construction of buildings and facilitites for the world cup in Qatar 2022. The infrastructure in this country should be developed as well as the stadiums. Roads, airports, and other means of transportation and communication should be developed to ensure that all guests of the world cup would be satisfied. â€Å"some emerging market host countries (such as China, India and Qatar) are ramping up aggressively as project sponsors† (Orr and Kennedy 96). The airways of Qatar are reported to be sufficient for the world cup, â€Å"†¦Qatar Airways created strong competition for well-established carriers† (Surovitskikha and Lubbeb 2). The study by Al-Madfa, Abdel-Moati, and Al-Gimaly is aimed at researching the water pollution in Qatar of oysters. However, if water pollution influences water organisms, it would inevitably influence people that would bathe in the sea when they come to Qatar for the world cup 2022.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Qatar World Cup Buildings and Facilities in 2022 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The study by Abu-Madi et al. Focuses on parasites and other infections that are typical for Qatar and can develop in the human organism in such a hot climate as in Qatar. So, infections prevention measures should be taken in advance to ensure that no fans that would come to the world cup can be infected with parasites and other typical diseases. The problem of health care was also investigated by Chouchane et al. who analysed the medical environment in Qatar. This means that health care should be developed as an integral part of the country’s infrastructure.. Climate change and emission control (green world cup). Piebalgs analysed the relationship between energy and air pollution and possibilities for reducing gas emission in Qatar with regard to their natural resources and possible use of alternative sources of energy that would be more environmentally safe and sufficient. Expected Outcomes Summary of discussion. The emerging economy of Qatar is a good sign of developing opportunities to realize the projects for the world cup 2022. However, there are some obstacles that can interfere with the plans of the management of this project. As such, analysis of infrastructure should include health care issues and security measures while planning the budgeting for the project. Besides, relationship between the gas emission and green world cup concepts should be drawn. Possible limitations. The limitations of the project include investments and the increased level of infections typical for this type of climate. Works Cited Abu-Madi, Marawan A., Behnke, Jerzy M., and Doiphode, Sanjay H. â€Å"Changing Trends in Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Long-Term-Residents and Settled Immigran ts in Qatar.† Parasites Vectors 3. 98 (2010). Web.Advertising Looking for essay on architecture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Al-Madfa, H., Abdel-Moati, M. A. R., and Al-Gimaly, F. H. â€Å"Pinctada radiata (Pearl Oyster): A Bioindicator for Metal Pollution Monitoring in the Qatari Waters (Arabian Gulf).† Bulletin of Environment and Contamination Toxicology 60 (1998): 245-251. Chouchane, Lotfi. Et al. â€Å"Medical Education and Research Environment in Qatar: A New Epoch for Translational Research in the Middle East.† Journal of Translational Medicine 9.16 (2011). Web. Orr, Ryan J., and Kennedy, Jeremy R. â€Å"Highlights of Recent Trends in Global Infrastructure: New Players and Revised Game Rules.† Transnational Corporations 17.1 (April 2008): 95-130. Piebalgs, Andris. â€Å"EU Energy and Climate Policy.† Speech at the 7th Doha Natural Gas Conference (2009). Surovitskikha, Svetlana, and Lubbeb, Berendien. â€Å"Positioning of Selected Middle Eastern Airlines in the South African Business and Leisure Travel Environment.† n. d. Web. This essay on Qatar World Cup Buildings and Facilities in 2022 was written and submitted by user Eli W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

the value of human life essays

the value of human life essays The beliefs and views of modern society are hypocritical and unjust. By the time an individual matures from a young child to an adult, they have been taught an uncountable number of life lessons. One of the outstanding lessons that each and every person has learned is that killing another human being is wrong. This is perhaps the first recognizable lesson on the value of human life. Most children know that killing is against the law and learn religiously that it goes against all religious morals and beliefs, yet society is bombarded by violence everyday in the media and in real life. Today, the value of human life can be questioned, especially that of the young. Through numerous examples of child murder and abortion it is rather obvious that the lives of the unborn or newly born are not valued to the degree that they should be. In most cases, the young are not recognized as "people" and are robbed of their human rights and freedoms. Young lives, both born and unborn, are seen as m ore of a commodity these days, than as precious, magical miracles. In the media today there are ridiculous numbers of reports pertaining to accidents, shootings and robberies-these are just a few examples of unjust acts that are occurring everyday. There is also a shocking amount of coverage about parents accidentally, or on the other hand, brutally murdering their kids. Parents are supposed to be loving and supporting caregivers, they have a great influence over everything a child can possibly say or do. It is hard to believe that some parents would actually take their childrens lives into their hands. Recently in the news there have been accounts of a mother poisoning her son to a father taking a knife and slashing his sons throat. These are all cases where the parent in charge has taken advantage of their control. Each helpless child is defenseless in these situations. In many cases, children have become victims of a parents mental ...

Definition and Discussion of Writing Portfolios

Definition and Discussion of Writing Portfolios In composition studies, a writing portfolio is a collection of student writing (in print or electronic form) thats intended to demonstrate the writers development over the course of one or more academic terms. Since the 1980s, writing portfolios have become an increasingly popular form of student assessment in composition courses taught in colleges and universities, especially in the U.S. Examples and Observations The purpose of a writing portfolio is to demonstrate a writers improvement and achievements. Portfolios allow writers to collect a body of writing in one place and to organize and present it in an effective, attractive format, giving the instructor a view of a students writing that focuses more on the complete body of work than on individual assignments. While compiling individual items (sometimes called artifacts) to include in their portfolios, students reflect on their work and measure their progress; as they do so, they may improve their ability to evaluate their own work.(Laurie G. Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell, The Brief Wadsworth Handbook, 7th ed. Wadsworth, 2012) Process-Writing Portfolios The process-writing portfolio is an instructional tool that manifests the stages and efforts in the writing process. It also contains completed, unfinished, abandoned, or successful work. Process-writing portfolios typically contain brainstorming activities, clustering, diagramming, outlining, free writing, drafting, redrafting in response to teacher/peer review, and so forth. Thus, a picture of the current state of an individuals composing process is revealed. The two essential pedagogical elements in the process-writing portfolio are student reflection and teacher inquiry.(Joanne Ingham, Meeting the Challenges of an Undergraduate Engineering Curriculum. Practical Approaches to Using Learning Styles in Higher Education, ed. by Rita Dunn and Shirley A. Griggs. Greenwood, 2000) Reflective Statements Most instructors who assign portfolios will also ask you to write statements in which you reflect on your writing processwhat you think you did well, what still needs improvement, and what you have learned about writing. Some teachers ask students to write reflective statements or a letter to the teacher for each assignment. Others may ask for just an end-of-semester statement ..(Susan Anker, Real Essays With Readings: Writing Projects for College, Work, and Everyday Life, 3rd ed. Bedford/St. Martins, 2009) Feedback With or without rubrics, portfolios are also an excellent vehicle for teachers to give verbal feedback to students. Teachers can provide written feedback on the portfolio itself, or, especially for younger students, they can provide oral feedback using the portfolio as the focus of brief student conferences.(Susan M. Brookhart, Portfolio Assessment. 21st Century Education: A Reference Handbook, ed. by Thomas L. Good. Sage, 2008) Portfolio Assessment Portfolios have been seen as valid because they measure what they say they will measurestudents ability to write and revise in a rhetorical setting. However, critics question the reliability of portfolio assessment. Pointing to the number of times a paper can be revised, some claim it is often impossible to determine how competent the student writer is or how much help a student has received during the revision process (Wolcott, 1998, p. 52). Others claim there are too many variables with portfolio assessment and that portfolios do not hold up well enough to statistical measures for them to be considered a reliable assessment instrument (Wolcott, 1998, p. 1). To address the problems with reliability, some schools have added a timed essay test to the portfolio assessment. Still, others believe that the validity of portfolio assessment outweighs the reliability problems associated with it and that portfolio assessment is the kind of evaluation most consistent with the values of composi tionists.  (Julie Neff Lippman, Assessing Writing. Concepts in Composition: Theory and Practice in the Teaching of Writing, ed. by Irene L. Clark. Lawrence Erlbaum, 2003) [O]ne clear benefit of portfolio assessment is that teachers do not have to mark every writing error, because they usually score portfolios using holistic methods. Students, in turn, benefit because they can identify the content and writing skills they have mastered and the areas they need to improve.  ( Vicki Urquhart and Monette McIver, Teaching Writing in the Content Areas. ASCD, 2005)It should be pointed out that portfolios do not necessarily bring greater accuracy to assessment, but they do promote a greater awareness of what good writing might be and how it might be best achieved. The advantages lay principally in that the validity, and value, of assessment is increased if it is situated in teaching and based on a clearer understanding of writing.  (Ken Hyland, Second Language Writing. Cambridge University Press, 2003)